In my quest to determine my favorite horror films, it’s become increasingly clear that I have no idea what constitutes horror. Don’t Look Now? Hour of the Wolf? The Shout? Roman Polanski’s 1968 classic Rosemary’s Baby seemed like a no-brainer to me, but rewatching, it’s slightly scarier than Bride of Frankenstein, and it’s not as suspenseful as it is atmospherically creepy. But Halloween iconography abounds, and as last girls go, Rosemary ranks with the best, only her villain isn’t some lunatic slasher or bloodthirsty monster. It’s the patriarchy.
Polanski, of course, is the natural choice to direct this story of a woman’s infantilization at the hands of a monolithic, male-dominated society, since you could describe nearly any of his films as a feminist exploration of gender and power dynamics. Here we see women consigned to cooking, cleaning, gardening, knitting, and jewelry; men dismissive, intimidating, and complicit in the maintenance of the patriarchal authority establishment; Rosemary (Mia Farrow as a bubblegum-voiced doll) slowly deprived of control over everything up to and including her own body; and Rosemary herself an internalized agent of her own submission, rationalizing her gaunt demeanor and siding with the patriarchal party line on abortion in the face of unbearable (and indeed demonic) pain: “It’s like a wire inside me getting tighter and tighter,” she tells her friends after an excruciating spell, to which her male doctor advises her to pop an aspirin and stop filling her silly little head with ideas from books. The tightening in her belly keeps her from noticing the tightening all around her.
She’s not a typical last girl, although her friends are dropping like flies, but she’s certainly a heroine we can root for, rebelling in her own subtle ways and eventually physically escaping the Yellow Wallpaper confinement of her apartment and social circle. Polanski isn’t as big on the scares here as in Repulsion or The Tenant, but he’s a master of creeping dread—note the camera’s paranoid darting, the grotesque closeups, the soundtrack brimming with odd background occurrences, and, of course, the spectacular dream sequences that build a bridge from Bunuel and Bergman to Roeg and Skolimowski. In fact, Rosemary’s Baby is as full of the trappings of horror as it could plausibly be, with an archetypal villain, cannibal legends, suspicious deaths, butcher’s knives, black cats, creepy lullabies, “Für Elise,” a historical high society group with a secret, and Ruth Gordon ghoulishly floating around the apartment with claws outstretched. It's a pumpkin away from being your one-stop Halloween shop.
The key to the film’s meaning (and creepiness) is the way politeness, etiquette, and nonconfrontation force Rosemary into submission right through to that 1984-style ending. She becomes, in a way, the principal agent of her own subjugation because she’s so good at that feminine stereotype of making things run smoothly by appeasing everyone. It’s an insidious instrument of evil, Polanski argues, failing to stand up for yourself. Not that it will save you, necessarily, but liberation has to start somewhere.















